Solution for permanent cold waving or straightening of hair

ABSTRACT

An odorless aqueous solution for permanent cold waving or straightening of hair which contains an acidic metal bisulphite, an alkali metal borate and an alkali metal carbonate in combination with alkanol amines and a wetting agent.

A United States Patent [1?] Altieri SOLUTION FOR PERMANENT COLD WAVING OR STRAIGHTENING OF HAIR [76] Inventor: Frederick J. Altieri, 40 Edna St.,

Bridgeport, Conn. 06610 [22] Filed: Apr. 8, 1974 [21] Appl. N0.: 458,528

Related U.S. Application Data [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 356,159, April 1 UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,865,811 12/1958 Roesch 424/71 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Sagarin-Cosmetics Science and Technology, (1957), pages 603 & 604.

Primary Examiner-Sam Rosen 57 ABSTRACT An odorless aqueous solution for permanent cold waving or straightening of hair which contains an acidic metal bisulphite, an alkali metal b orate and an alkali metal carbonate in combination with alkanol amines and a wetting agent.

9 Claims, No Drawings 1 SOLUTION FOR PERMANENTCOLD WAVING OR STRAIGHTENING OF HAIR RELATED APPLICATION This application is a continuation in part application ofa co-pending application Ser. No. 356,159 filed Apr. 1, 1973 for A Solution for Permanent or Cold Waving or Straightening of Hair, and which is now abandoned.

PROBLEM AND PRIOR ART Heretofore many efforts have'been made to compound a waving solution for use in permanent or cold waving and/or setting and styling hair. Generally the known waving solutions included ammonium compounds, thioglycollic acid and/or various thiols as a curling agent as evidenced by US. Pat. Nos. 2,380,755; 2,126,375; 2,002,989; 1,827,801. Waving solutions utilizing such ammonium compounds and the like produced disagreeable fumes and odors, which if not properly timed could cause serious damage to the hair. Also the timing required in using the ammonium type waving solutions were especially critical. Unless extreme care was practiced in timing the use of such ammonium type waving solutions the hair would tend to frizzle.

Also extreme care had to be practiced in using such waving solutions so as to prevent any contact thereof with ones eyes. lt had also been noted that such prior known waving solutions could not be readily used on bleached or dyed hair: as specific formulations were required for such bleached or dyed hair as evidenced by U.S. Pat. No. 3,240,672. Because of the noxious odor produced by the ammonium type waving solutions when used, they could not be scented. Other efforts to compound a satisfactory waving lotion are evidenced by US. Pat. Nos. 2,506,492; 2,437,965; 1,064,901; 2,865,811 and an article published by Sagarin in Cosmetics Science and Technology (1957') pages 603 and OBJECTS It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a hair treating solution which can be used either as a waving lotion or for hair straightening.

Another object is to provide a hair treatingsolution which is virtually odorless.

Another object is to provide a hair treating solution which can be satisfactoryily used on virtually alltypes of hair including bleached or dyed hair.

Another object is to provide a hair treating solution which will not frizzle the hair.

Another object is to provide a hair treating solution which can be readily used on the scalp even if the scalp has minor abrasions.

Another object is to provide hair treating solution which is harmless to the skin.

Another object is to provide a hair treating solution which can be readily scented and/or provided with coloring matter for adding additional color to the hair if so desired.

Another object is to provide an improved hair treating solution which can be readily compounded, which is easy to use, and which is positive in operation.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The foregoing objects and other features and advantages of this invention are attained by an aqueous solution containing an acidic metal bisulphite, an alkali metal borate, an alkali metal carbonate, and alkanol amine, e.g., monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylene tetramine and water. To enhance absorption of the active ingredients into the hair, a wetting agent may be included into the formulation. The resulting solution is odorless and can be'readily used for either permanent waving or'for hair straightening either with or without heat. The-hair treating solution being odorless can be readily scented with any of the various perfumes or essential oil fragrances as may be desired. The various ingredients are incorporated in the aqueous solution so as to result in a solution having a PH Factor falling in the range from 8 to 12.5.

'F'EATURES A'feature of the hair treating solution of this invention is that it is virtually odorless in use and therefore .can be readily scented.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The hair treating solution as will be hereinafter described in detail can be readily used professionally or for home application for either straightening ones hair or waving ones hairqThe formulation of the hair treating solution for either application is identical, the waving or straightening of the hair being dependent upon how the hair treating solution is applied to the hair, as will be hereinafter described. 7

Essentially the hair treating solution includes an acidic metal bisulphite, e.g., sodium bisulphite,'potassium bisulphite, or potassium meta-bisulphite; an alkali metal borate, such as sodium borate, potassium borate; and an alkali metal carbonate such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or potassium carbonate, an alkanol amine, and water. To enhance absorption a wetting agent may be added. The alkanol amines may consist of such amines as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine, and triethylene tetramine.

The ingredients described are mixed to form an aque ous solution having a PH Factor which preferably falls in the range 8 to 12.5.

The general formulation of the hair treating solution and the general range of proportions of the ingredients in approximate parts by weight which may be utilized in the preparation of the base mixture is as'follows:

approx.

an acidic metal bisulphite 1.910 to 4.92 an alkali metal borate approx. .637 to 4.10 an alkali metal carbonate approx. .637 to 4.10 an alkanol amine approx. 1.74 to 9.84 water approx. 73.82 to 95.415

To the foregoing general formulation it is desirable, though not essential, to include approximately 0.127 to 3.22 parts'by weight of a wetting agent.

The acid metal bisulphites, e.g., sodium bisulphite (NaHSO3), potassium metal bisulphite (16 5 0 potassium bisulphite (KHSO;,) and the sulphites such as sosium bisulphite salts used as a source of S in the formulation have been noted to give tighter waves than do the ethanolamine derivatives. The amines such monoethanolamine. diethanolamine, triethanolamine. and triethylene tetramine are organic compounds and are used as a source of ammonia without the obnoxious odor and drying effect of inorganic ammonium compounds. The ethanolamine derivatives give slightly looser waves than do the corresponding potassium and sodium salts. The desired degree of waving required can be controlled to some degree by the appropriate selection of the sulphur dioxide sources herein specifled.

The alkali metal borate constituent such as sodium borate or potassium borate further supplements the characteristic tight wave desired in a waving solution. Additionally the borate constituent helps lubricate" or soften the hair to allow for greater stretching which is highly desirable for waving.

The metal carbonate constituents utilized in the instant formulation, e.g., sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate are alkaline in nature. The carbonates have been noted to produce tighter waves or curls than those produced by the prior known ammoniumconstituents. Also the carbonates herein specified result in a solution which is strong in alkalinity which is desireable for waving.

The alkanol amines are alkaline in nature. The suitable alkanol amines which may be used include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, trie-thylene tetramine, and triisopropanolamine. the first mentioned amine being the most volatile of those mentioned and the one most preferred. Also a preferred formulation includes a combination of amines, e.g., equal parts of monoethanolamine and diethanolamine, as will be hereinafter set forth.

The wetting agent utilized in the formulation enhances or increases the penetrability of the active ingredients of the formulation into the hair shafts. A satisfactory wetting agent is an alkylayrl polyether alcohol or a readily commercial available Triton X-lOO. Triton X-lOO is a well known tradename for a synthetic organic surface active agent manufactured by the Rohm and Hass Corporation which is useful as a wetting agent, and more specifically, it is an alkylaryl polyether alcohol that is acidic in nature, non-ionic and water soluble in an alkaline medium and which is also compatible with soap and sulphonated castor oil.

The wetting agent generally lowers the surface tension to provide for better absorption of the active ingredients into the hair shafts. Known wetting agent may be used to achieve this result. To mention a few of a large number of wetting agents which may be included. but not limited thereto, in the formulation to impart the absorption quality are:

Sorbitan rnonolaurate Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Gelatin Methocel l5 Polyoxyethylene monostearate Polyethylene glycol 400 monostearate Triethanolamine oleate Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol Polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether Tragacanth Polyoxyethylene sorbitan rnonolaurate Polyoxyethylene eastor oil sorbitan monostearate sorbitan mono-oleate monostearate sorbitan monopalmitate monostearate sorbitan monolaurate lauryl ether monostearate Polyoxyethylene Polyoxyethylene Polyoxyethylene Polyoxyethylene Polyoxyethylene Polyoxyethylene Polyoxyethylene Polyoxyethylene Sodium oleate Sodium laury sulfate Polyoxyethylene glycol 400 rnonolaurate ioctyl succinate (aerosol QT.)

Sodium 2 ethyl hexyl sulfate nonyl phenol ethyl oxide nonyl phenoxy poly (ethylene oxy) ethanol The carrier for theactive ingredients is water and it provides the means for maintaining the solid ingredients in solution.

To the above formulation may be added a suitable scent or perfume, e.g., an essential oil of the various fruits or flowers such as lemon, lime, rose, violet. and

' the like to name a few. Since the hair treating formulation of this invention is virtually odorless a desirable scent can be imparted thereto for added benefit and appeal in use and application. Also if desired suitable coloring matter may be imparted to the formulation. It will be understood that either the scent material and/or coloring matter may be added to the formulation as may be desired, and that their addition will not effect the proportion or parts by weight of the active ingredients of the formulation as specified herein.

The respective ingredients when combined will impart a PH characteristic to the formulation falling within the range of 8 to 12.5; the preferred PH range being 9-10.

A more specific formulation of the hair treating solution of this invention and including the approximate range of proportions by weight of the selected ingredients is as follows:

Sodium Bisulphite approx. 1.910 to 4.92 Monoethanolamine approx. .637 to 4.92 Diethanolamine approx. .637 to 4.92 Sodium Borate approx. v .637 to 4.10 Sodium Carbonate approx. g .637 to 4.10 Water approx. 73.82 to 95415 When a wetting agent is included in the formulation the approximate range of selected ingredients in proportion by weight is as follows:

Sodium Bisulphite approx. 1.910 to 4.92 Monoethanolamine approx. .637 to 4.92 Diethanolamine approx. .637 to 4.92 Sodium Borate approx. .637 to 4.10 Sodium-Carbonate approx. .637 to 4.10 Wetting Agent approx. .127 to 3.22 Water approx. 73.82 to 95.415

It will be understood that the wetting agent may be any of those hereinnamed, but not limited thereto.

An' approximate maximum formulation for a specific hair treating solution embodying this invention in grams and by parts of 100 is as follows:

-Continued Sodium Carbonate 10 grams or 4.10 Wetting Agent 8 grams or 3.22 Water 180 cc. 73.82 100.00

An approximate minimum range ofa specific formulation in grams and by parts of 100 is as follows:

A preferred formulation embodying the present invention in parts of 100 is as follows:

Sodium Bisulphite 4.17 Monoethanolamine 3.13 Diethanolamine 3.13 Sodium Borate. 2.08 Sodium Carbonate 2.08 Wetting Agent 2.08 Water 83.33

Anotherpreferred formulation embodying the present invention including the approximate range of proportion by weight of the selected ingredients is as follows:

Sodium Bisulphite 1.910 to 4.92 Monoelhanolamine .637 to 4.92 Diethanolamine .637 to 4.92 Sodium Borate .637 to 4.10 Sodium Carbonate .637 to 4.10 Polyoxyethylene lauryl ether .127 to 3.22 Water 73.82 to 95.415

Another preferred formulation is as follows:

Sodium Bisulphite 4 Monoethanolamine 2. Diethanolamine 1 Sodium Borate 1 Sodium Carbonate 2 Wetting Agent :16 Water 87.00 100.00

To the foregoing formulations it will be understood that a suitable frangrance and/or coloring matter may be added as desired.

it will be understood that other Bisulphites may be substituted for the sodium bisulphite ingredient as hereinbefore stated. Likewise other borates and/0r carbonates sources may be substituted for the sodium borate and sodium carbonate ingredients as hereinbefore specified.

The hair treating solution embodying the present invention is preferably formulated or compounded as follows; however, it will be understood that other procedures may be followed in compounding the formulations.

The source of the bisulphite ingredient, e.g., sodium bisulphite is dissolved into approximately half of the required water to define a first part mixture of water and the metal bisulphite.

A second part mixture is then compounded by mixing the following ingredients in the order listed in the remaining portions of the water required. Borate source, e.g., sodium borate or potassium borate is first dissolved in the water of the second part mixture. The carbonate source, e.g., sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate or other carbonate source is thereafter'dissolved in the water-borate mixture. The monoethanolamine followed by the diethanolamine is thereafter mixed in the boratecarbonate-water solution to c0mplete the second part mixture.

The second part mixture described is then mixed with the first part mixture. When the two mixture parts have been combined, the wetting agent, e.g., Alkylaryl Polyether Alcohol or Triton X-l00 or any of those recited herein is added to the mixture of the two parts to complete the formulation.

To this finalized formulation may be added the required fragrance 0r scent if desired. Coloring matter may also be added if desired.

The hair treating solution formulated as herein defined when used as a hair straightening preparation is applied in accordance with the following recommended procedure.

The hair is first thoroughly washed with a conventional shampoo or soap and is then towel dried.

The hair treating solution formulated as herein described is then combed throughthe hair for ten to forty minutes. The hair is then rinsed with water. Upon rinsing, a meutralizer is applied to the hair. The neutralizer I may comprise a hydrogen peroxide (H 0 which func-. tions to lock in or set the straightener. The-neutralizer is permitted to stay in the hair for approximately five to ten minutes and then rinsed, whereupon the hair is then dried without setting, as for example by a dryer.

During the period the neutralizer is permitted to stand in the hair, the hair is occasionally combed to insure disbursement ofthe neutralizer through the hair.

When the hair treating solution is used for waving the following procedure is recommended. I

The hair is washed and shampooed in a conventional manner. It is then towel dried. The hair treating solution formulated as hereindescribed is then combed through the hair.

With the hair wetted by the formulation described, the hair is rolled about permanent wave rods or curlers. With the hair rolled about permanent wave rods or curlers, the curled hair is wetted with additional solution as desired. A plastic cap is then applied; and the hair so curled and covered is maintained for a period of fifteen to forty-five minutes depending upon the hair characteristics and degree of curl desired.

To enhance or expedite this time period. heat may be applied in any of the well known manners. The application of heat will reduce this time interval to ten to thirty-five minutes. The application of heat is particularly recommended for professional uses.

After this period of-time has lapsed, the hair is rinsed with plain water while still in curlers. The hair is then blotted dry with a towel and aneutralizer applied. The neutralizer may comprise hydrogen peroxide (H O and is left on for a period of five to ten minutes to permit the neutralizer to lock in the set.

Upon the lapse of the five to ten minute neutralizing period, the curlers are removed, the hair rinsed, and the hair then set. dried and styled.

From the foregoing it will be noted that the hair treating solution described can be readily formulated and compounded. and that its use and application for either straightening or waving the hair is simple and positive.

Wetting Agent 2.08 Water 83.33 100.00

6. A solution for either waving or straightening of The preparation is odorless and therefore capable of hair Containing the following ingredients in appmxi being scented for additional appeal and benefit.

While the present invention has been described with respect to various embodiments thereof. it will be appreciated and understood that variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope thereof.

What is claimed is:-

l. A hair treating lotion comprising an aqueous solution including:

a sulphur dioxide source in the range of 1.910 to 4.92

parts by weight selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulphite, potassium meta-bisulphite.

potassium bisulphite. sodium sulphite and potassium sulphite, a borate source in the range of 0.637 to 4.10parts by weight selected from the group consistingof sodium borate and potassium borate.

a carbonate source in the range of0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium carbonate, and A an alkanol amine in the range of 1.274 to 9.84 parts by weight selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, diethanol amine, triethanolamine, triethylene tetramine. and triisopropanolamine.

2. The lotion as defined in claim 1 and including 0.127 to 3.22 parts by weight of a wetting agent.

3. The lotion as defined in claim 2 wherein said wetting agent comprises polyoxyetherylene lauryl ether.

4. A hair treating lotion containing the following inmately the following parts by weight:

Sodium Bisulphite 7. The solution as defined in claim 5 wherein said wetting agent includes alkylaryl polyether alcohol.

8. A hair treating solution comprising an aqueous solution containing a range of 1.910 to 4.92 parts by weight of sulphur dioxide source selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulphite, potassium metabisulphite, potassium bisulphite, sodium sulphite, and potassium sulphite; a borate source in the range of 0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight selected from the group gredients in approximately the following ranges of parts I by weight.

Sodium Bisulphite 1.910 to 4.92- Monoethanolamine .637 to 4.92

Diethanolamine .637 to 4.92

Sodium Borate .637 to 4.10

Sodium Carbonate .637 to 4.10

Alkylaryl polyether alcohol .127 to 3.22

Wetting agent Water 73.82 to 95 5 5. A solution for either waving or straightening of hair containing the following ingredients in approximately the following'parts by weight:

Sodium Bisulphite 4.17 Monoethanolamine 3.13 Diethanolamine 3.13 Sodium Borate 2.08 Sodium Carbonate 2.08

consisting of sodium borate and potassium borate; and a carbonate source in the range of 0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium carbonate; an alkanol amine in the range of 1.274 to 9.84 selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine,

diethan olamine. triethanolamine. triethylene tetramine, and triisopropanolamine; and 0.127 to 3.22 parts by weight of an alkylaryl polyether alcohol which functions as a wetting agent.

9. A hair treating lotion comprising an aqueous solution containing 1.910 to 4.92 parts by weight of an acidic metal bisulphite selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulphite, potassium bisulphite and potassium meta-bisulphite, sodium sulphite and potassium sulphite; 0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight of an alkali metal borate selected from the group consisting of sodium borate and potassium borate; 0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight of an alkali metal carbonate selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate. sodium bicarbonate and potassium carbonate; 1.274 to 9.84 parts by weight of an alkanol amines selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine. diethanol amine, triethanolamine, treithylene tetramine and triisopropanolamine and 0.127 to 3.22 parts by weight of an alkylaryl polyether alcohol to function as a wetting agent wherein said aqueous solution has a pH Factor in 

1. A HAIR TREATING LOTION COMPRISING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION INCLUDING: A SULPHUR DIOXIDE SOURCE IN THE RANGE OF 1.910 TO 4.92 PARTS BY WEIGHT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SODIUM BISULPHITE, POTASSIUM META-BISULPHITE, POTASSIUM BISULPHITE, SODIUM SULPHITE AND POTASSIUM SULPHITE, A BORATE SOURCE IN THE RANGE OF 0.637 TO 4.10 PARTS BY WEIGHT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SODIUM BORATE AND POTASSIUM BORATE, A CARBONATE SOURCE IN THE RANGE OF 1.274 TO 9.84 PARTS BY WEIGHT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SODIUM CARBONATE, SODIUM BICARBONATE, AND POTASSIUM CARBONATE, AND AN ALKANOL AMINE IN THE RANGE OF 1.274 TO 9.84 PARTS BY WEIGHT SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MONOETHANOLAMINIC, DIETHANOLAMINE, TRIETHANOLAMINE, TRIETHYLENE TETRAMINE, AND TRIISOPROPANOLAMINE.
 2. The lotion as defined in claim 1 and including 0.127 to 3.22 parts by weight of a wetting agent.
 3. The lotion as defined in claim 2 wherein said wetting agent comprises polyoxyetherylene lauryl ether.
 4. A hair treating lotion containing the following ingredients in approximately the following ranges of parts by weight.
 5. A solution for either waving or straightening of hair containing the following ingredients in approximately the following parts by weight:
 6. A solution for either waving or straightening of hair containing the following ingredients in approximately the following parts by weight:
 7. The solution as defined in claim 5 wherein said wetting agent includes alkylaryl polyether alcohol.
 8. A hair treating solution comprising an aqueous solution containing a range of 1.910 to 4.92 parts by weight of sulphur dioxide source selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulphite, potassium meta-bisulphite, potassium bisulphite, sodium sulphite, and potassium sulphite; a borate source in the range of 0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight selected from the group consisting of sodium borate and potassium borate; and a carbonate source in the range of 0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium carbonate; an alkanol amine in the range of 1.274 to 9.84 selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylene tetramine, and triisopropanolamine; and 0.127 to 3.22 parts by weight of an alkylaryl polyether alcohol which functions as a wetting agent.
 9. A hair treating lotion comprising an aqueous solution containing 1.910 to 4.92 parts by weight of an acidic metal bisulphite selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulphite, potassium bisulphite and potassium meta-bisulphite, sodium sulphite and potassium sulphite; 0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight of an alkali metal borate selected from the group consisting of sodium borate and potassium borate; 0.637 to 4.10 parts by weight of an alkali metal carbonate selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium bicarBonate and potassium carbonate; 1.274 to 9.84 parts by weight of an alkanol amines selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, treithylene tetramine and triisopropanolamine, and 0.127 to 3.22 parts by weight of an alkylaryl polyether alcohol to function as a wetting agent wherein said aqueous solution has a pH Factor in the range of 8 to
 12. 